I think it’s both nature vs. nurture! However, some people can be born this way and have more of an “increase risk” than others to develop fetishes and be submissive. Then there’s people who are born without any fantasies/fetishes or any thoughts of being submissive but due to circumstances/experiences it unlocks something in a person! I believe there are some peer reviewed articles not necessarily on this topic but on the “nature vs nurture” debates!